Демьяненко Ф.П. Прогнозирование циркуляции и развития фитовирусных инфекций с учетом биологических свойств патогена и использованием компьютерних баз данных. – Рукопись.
Диссертация на соискание научной степени кандидата биологических наук по специальности 03.00.06 – вирусология. Киевский национальный университет имени Тараса Шевченка, Киев, 2004.
В работе изложены результаты исследования закономерностей распространенности РНК-геномных фитовирусов разных таксономических групп (таких как Tobamovirus -ВТМ; Cucumovirus - ВОМ; Potyvirus -УВК, ВМС; Potexvirus - ХВК; Luteovirus - ВСПС, ВЖКЯ, Hordeivirus –ВШМЯ и др.) на территории Украины в разных экологических условиях с помощью компьютерного моделирования. Разработаны подходы к прогнозированию развития вирусных заболеваний в агроценозах. Впервые создана методика прогнозирования динамики развития фитовирусных инфекций в агроценозах с помощью оригинальных статистически-аналитических методик, реализованных в системе обработки данных, с учетом биологических свойств патогенов.
Показано зависимость распространенности фитовирусов от факторов абиотической (тип грунта, содержание тяжелых металлов, агротехнические приемы и пр.) и биотической (видовой состав растений, насекомых) природы в исследованных сельскохозяйственных растениях, сорняках и грунте в четырех регионах Украины.
Показано, что спектр вирусов и динамика вірусной инфекции прямо звисят от изменений во времени видового состава растений ценоза.
Впервые исследована совместная циркуляция вирусов групп Tobamovirus -ВТМ; Cucumovirus - ВОМ; Potyvirus -УВК, ВМС; Potexvirus - ХВК; Luteovirus - ВСПС, ВЖКЯ, Hordeivirus –ВШМЯ, в агроценозах с использованием статистически-модельного подхода.
Ключевые слова: антигены фитовирусов, циркуляция, имуноферментный анализ, компьютерное моделирование, распространенность, базы данных.
Demyanenko F.P. Prognosing of phytoviral infection circulation and development using pathogen biological properties and computer databaseses. –Manuscript.
The thesis for obtaining PhD degree in speciality 03.00.06 – virology. Taras Shevchenko’ Kyiv National University, Kyiv, 2004.
The work was dedicated to investigation of Ukraine regions for comparative estimation of phytoviral infections spreading depending on particular characteristics of the region. Special attention was given to agricultural crops of high economical importance, such as sugar beet, wheat, sunflower, potato and others. Agricultural crops, weeds and soil were monitored in each region. Plants and soil were sampled and detection of most harmful RNA-containing viruses was made using ELISA.
Database based analytical system on achieved data was created. It was demonstrated nonuniform distribution of phytoviruses and its dependence on biotic (cenosis species diversity, man’s pressure, agrotechnics, etc.) and abiotic (heavy metals) factors in the inspected cenosis. After the results have been accumulated in the database, possible relations among cenosis components were calculated using custom statistical methods. The assumptions on virus circulation properties and their correlation with the environment conditions were made. It was shown the possibility of viral infection reduction under correct crop rotation and use of the methods for control of vectors and reservoirs.
Proceeding from data obtained in six regions (Volyn, Kiyv, Vinnitsa, The Crimea, Kharkiv and Odessa) calculations of coinfection probability for barley stripe mosaic hordeivirus (BSMV), Tobaco mosaic virus (TMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Wheat stripe mosaic tritimovirus (WSMV) were made. Achieved data can affirm simultaneous presence of BSMV – WSMV and CMV – TMV are highly probable in the investigated cenosis. Presence or absence of correlation in virus antigen occurrences in samples can be explained, to certain extent, by similarity of their transmission ways and host ranges. Relationships between other cenosis compounds can be analyzed in similar way. Thus, this approach allows tracing fine interactions even between polytypic objects.
Unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method was used to investigate cenosis fine structure dependencies. Using UPGMA it is possible to calculate the distance between any numbers of cenosis and, subsequently, use this distance as the correction coefficient when adapting a general model for exact cenosis.
Our investigations on long-term monitoring of natural and agricultural cenosis allows epiphytotion prediction in agricultural cenosis with high confidence. It was shown possibility of preventing epiphytotion development by appropriate crop rotation, in time chemical treatment and strict terms of planting, treatment and harvesting, etc. Such an approach can greatly lower cast and amount of man-made pressure on cenosis by reducing the usage of chemicals. We believe, that further investigations will help in understanding of interrelations between the cenosis components, virus circulation and preservation ways.
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